Time out procedure checklist8/2/2023 387 Types and effectiveness of checklists in peri-operative careĭifferent types of checklists have been developed such as pre-operative briefings and debriefings after surgery, 388 “time out” protocols, 389 equipment checklists 390 and surgical safety checklists. 385 The Challenge–Verification–Response method is used in the WHO Safe Surgery Saves Lives campaign on how to perform the multidisciplinary team Checklist, the WHO SSC. The second type is the Challenge–Verification–Response, where one person reads aloud the item and challenges someone else to verify and confirm that the task corresponding to the item on the list has been accomplished. The first type is the Do-List, a checklist is used for a step-by-step procedure or task. 384–386 There are two main types of checklists and thus two methods to develop a checklist. What is a checklist?Ī checklist identifies single items or a group of elements to be verified and checked consecutively and is intended to compensate for memory flaws. 1 This Declaration recommends safety standards including checklists are implemented in peri-operative care. The EBA and the ESA have produced a European Declaration known as ‘Helsinki Declaration on Patient Safety in Anaesthesiology’. 376,378Īnaesthesia professional organisations have developed international standards for the safe practice of anaesthesia, outlining minimum requirements for performing safe anaesthesia care at a global level, 40,379 in the United States 377,380 and in Europe 12,381–383 ( ). The common goal was a zero tolerance for injury of patients with the vision that ‘no patient shall be harmed by anaesthesia’. 376,377 In 1985, the ASA initiated the Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation, a collaboration between anaesthesia-related professions including anaesthesiologists, nurse anaesthetists, nurses, drug and equipment manufacturers, regulators, insurers and others. 375 The malpractice crisis forced the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) to address the causes of anaesthesia accidents and to focus on patient safety. Modern history of patient safety started in late 1970s when the cost of malpractice insurance for anaesthesiologists brought patient safety issues to the fore. This chapter focuses on the role of surgical safety checklists in peri-operative care (pre-operative, intra-operative and postoperative phases). Quality and safety have been a central focus in peri-operative anaesthesia care, and checklists have been used to get close to zero complications during anaesthesia and surgery. The role of checklists in peri-operative care (Haugen)
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